Introduction

There is only one word used in the Greek for "baptism" which makes for an easy word study.

Baptizo - to dip in liquid; to immerse or submerge; to bury.

The word is always used in scripture in conjunction with water. It is used to denote a literal physical baptism in actual water which is the subject of this lesson. Baptizo is also used to denote a spiritual baptism in the life-giving "water" of the Holy Ghost. We will discuss receiving the Holy Ghost in detail in Lesson #5. Both baptisms are commanded in scripture for salvation:

John 3:5 Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.

Mark 16:16a He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved;

Matt 28:19 Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:

Acts 2:38b be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.

Acts 22:16 And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord.

1 Pet 3:21a The like figure whereunto even baptism doth also now save us

Why Must We Be Baptized?

To study the reasons for Water Baptism thoroughly would take a book and more time than we have here. Basically, what Water Baptism accomplishes in our lives can be expressed in 6 categories:

1. Water Baptism is for the washing away of sins. - Our sins are forgiven at repentance but they are washed away from our "spiritual account" when we are baptized. In Acts 2:38, Peter said to "be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins." Likewise Acts 22:16 states that when we are baptized we "wash away our sins." When we repent, God forgives us of our sins, but the stain is still there in our spiritual man. Water Baptism cleanses the stain of sin! Paul listed a long list of sins to the Corinth church and then told them:

1 Cor 6:11 And such were some of you: but ye are washed, but ye are sanctified, but ye are justified in the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God.

They were washed of their sins by water baptism in the name of Jesus!

2. Water Baptism is a cleansing of our conscience. - When our sins are washed away and God no longer holds us accountable for our past sins, we can have a clean conscience toward Him! This accounts for the "clean feeling" when a person is baptized.

1 Pet 3:21 The like figure whereunto even baptism doth also now save us (not the putting away of the filth of the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience toward God,) by the resurrection of Jesus Christ:

Heb 9:14 How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?

Notice how this scripture equates our cleansing of conscience with the blood of Jesus. This is one of many scriptures which show that it is the blood of Jesus Christ that is being applied to our lives at water baptism that brings the washing and cleansing.

3. Water Baptism is a burial. - If we are to obey the Gospel of Jesus Christ, then we must identify with His death, burial, and resurrection. How can we die with Christ, be buried with Christ, and be resurrected with Christ? We die to our past sins when we repent (I Corinthian 15:31). We will talk about how that we are resurrected to a new man through the infilling of the Holy Ghost in the next lesson. We are buried with Christ when we are baptized:

Rom 6:3-4 Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ were baptized into his death? 4 Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death: that like as Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life.

Col 2:12 Buried with him in baptism, wherein also ye are risen with him through the faith of the operation of God, who hath raised him from the dead.

When someone is properly buried, their body is completely covered up and a name is placed upon their grave. For us to be buried with Christ properly, we must go completely under the water (fully immersed) and have His name called out over us.

4. Water Baptism is a part of being "born again." Not only is water baptism the burial of our sinful past, but it is also part of a process that causes us to become a "new creature in Christ Jesus."

John 3:5 Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.

Titus 3:5 Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost;

"Regeneration" means "the production of a new life." - Water Baptism is an essential part of the process of being "born again."

5. Water Baptism is taking upon ourselves the name of Christ. - Part of the salvation process is being "adopted" into the family of God (see Galatians 4:1-7). We take on the family name of Jesus at Water Baptism.

Gal 3:27 For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ.

Rom 13:14 But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ,

6. Water Baptism is a spiritual circumcision. - Male circumcision was commanded by God to Abraham (Genesis 17:10-14) and to Moses (Leviticus 12:3) as a part of being saved before Calvary. God wanted a mark in their flesh to signify that they were in a covenant relationship with Him. Physical circumcision is no longer a requirement for salvation, but spiritual circumcision is. We are spiritually circumcised through water baptism:

Col 2:11-12a In whom also ye are circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, in putting off the body of the sins of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ: 12 Buried with him in baptism,

How is water baptism a spiritual circumcision? In a physical circumcision, skin is cut away and removed from the body never to return again. Blood is present, and the skin that had been alive, dies. At water baptism, our sinful past is removed from our spiritual man never to return again. Our sinful man that was alive dies so that we can become a new creation in the Spirit. All of this is accomplished by the blood of Jesus being applied to our lives at water baptism! Our spiritual man forever bears the mark of a covenant relationship that we have chosen to enter with God.

The interesting point about circumcision is that a person was always named at the time of their circumcision. When Abram was circumcised, God changed his name to Abraham. If circumcision was performed at birth, then the child received his name at the time of his circumcision. When we are spiritually circumcised through Water Baptism, we also take on a new name, the name of Jesus Christ!

How and When Must We Be Baptized?

In the life of Christ and the Early Apostolic Church, people were only baptized by full immersion in water. The very word used for baptism means to fully immerse or cover with water. The Day of Pentecost happened in 30 A.D. and the last book of the New Testament was written in ~100 A.D. but the first mention of two false teachings on Water Baptism, infant baptism and sprinkling, did not come about until 210 A.D. and 250 A.D. respectively. That's over 150 years after the founding of the Apostolic Church. There is absolutely no record of anyone ever being baptized as an infant or sprinkled in scripture! They are later, man-made doctrines that contradicts scripture. Let's take them one by one:

Infant baptism - is invalid because it denies the role of faith in water baptism. Jesus clearly said in Mark 16:16 that "he that believeth and is baptized shall be saved." For a person to get baptized in Jesus' name in water and yet not believe that God is washing their sins away does absolutely no good. If I went to the park pool on a hot day and yelled out "in Jesus' name" every time someone jumped into the water, then it would not save them despite the fact that I am a preacher, I said "Jesus' name" and that the people went completely under water. Why not? Because the individual did not have faith that their sins were going to be washed away. An infant is incapable of understanding the Gospel of Jesus Christ and thus cannot possible have faith when they are baptized. Furthermore, they do not need to be baptized at that stage of their life anyways, because they have not reached an "age of accountability" where they know the difference between right and wrong and can choose to obey or disobey God's Word for themselves. Before a person is baptized, they should be old enough to know why they are being baptized and be able to believe that God will wash away their sins. That age is different for different children, but is usually around the age of 6-7 or older.

Sprinkling - it rejects the very meaning of the word of baptism. It is another modern invention of man that came from infants being baptized. It was easier to sprinkle them than safely place a new-born infant completely under water. Baptism is to be a complete spiritual cleansing, an immersion which is representative of a baby coming out of the womb, and a spiritual burial. Sprinkling violates all three principles.

The story of Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch illustrates both points extremely well. Philip taught the Ethiopian on water baptism in a chariot while traveling across the desert, so there was doubtlessly water in the chariot for use if only sprinkling was required. But when the Eunuch saw an oasis of water, he asked:

Acts 8:36-39a And as they went on their way, they came unto a certain water: and the eunuch said, See, here is water; what doth hinder me to be baptized? 37 And Philip said, If thou believest with all thine heart, thou mayest. And he answered and said, I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. 38 And he commanded the chariot to stand still: and they went down both into the water, both Philip and the eunuch; and he baptized him. 39 And when they were come up out of the water,

It is very obvious from these verses that Philip and the Eunuch were not standing upon the bank but were completely down in the water. Before Philip would baptize the man, he made sure that the Eunuch had faith! An infant is not capable of such faith. Another good example is John the Baptist who baptized in the Jordan because "there was much water there" (John 3:23).

What Formula Should Be Used For Baptism?

Many people ask "does the name called over you in water baptism really matter?" According to scripture it definitely does. In lesson #1 we learned that scriptures do not contradict themselves. If there seems to be a contradiction between two verses, then we must be misinterpreting one of them. Let's start with a well-known scripture:

Matt 28:19-20 Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: 20 Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you: and, lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world. Amen.

Before He ascended into heaven, Jesus commanded His disciples to go throughout the world and teach everyone exactly as He taught them. He commanded them to "baptize them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost." Many religions repeat His commandment word for word and baptize in the "titles." But a seeming contradiction comes when we move on a week later to the preaching of Peter who was obeying Jesus' commandment in Matthew 28:19.

Acts 2:38 Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.

Peter said to be baptized "in the name of Jesus Christ." Did he disobey the command of Jesus in Matthew 28:19? If he did, then Matthew and the other disciples who were with Peter did not correct him. Neither did God, for that matter. Through a careful study of scripture, it turns out that Peter did NOT disobey Jesus' command in Matthew 28:19 but did obey it. In fact, there is never anyone in scripture actually baptized in the common modern day formula of the titles. Notice the following scriptures:

Acts 2:41 Then they that gladly received his word were baptized: and the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls.

Three thousand people that Peter was preaching to were baptized according to his instruction in verse 38: "in the name of Jesus Christ."

Acts 8:15-16 Who, when they were come down, prayed for them, that they might receive the Holy Ghost: 16 (For as yet he was fallen upon none of them: only they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.)

The Samaritans were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus by Philip.

Acts 10:47-48a Can any man forbid water, that these should not be baptized, which have received the Holy Ghost as well as we? 48 And he commanded them to be baptized in the name of the Lord.

Acts 10:48a So he ordered that they be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ. (NIV)

Peter baptized the Gentile converts in the name of Jesus!

Acts 19:5 When they heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.

Paul rebaptized the disciples of John the Baptist in the name of Jesus!

Acts 22:16 And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord.

Paul himself was baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. In talking about the name of Jesus, Peter said:

Acts 4:12 Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved.

Col 3:17a And whatsoever ye do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord Jesus,

It is very obvious that the disciples only baptized people in the name of Jesus Christ, so did they disobey Jesus commandment in Matthew 28:19? No, they simply understood what He was saying. In His command, Jesus said to baptize in the NAME of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. "Name" is singular. Matthew 1:21 says that the name of the Son to be born to Mary would be "Jesus." "Son" is a title not a name as is the terms "Father" and "Holy Ghost." John 5:43, Jesus said that He came "in my Father's name" so the name of the Father is Jesus. In John 14:26, Jesus said that the Holy Ghost would come "in my name." So the name of the Holy Ghost is Jesus as well. I have many titles such as "pastor," "son," "husband," "teacher," "preacher" and maybe even one day "father" but I only have one name. The disciples understood that the NAME of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost is Jesus and so they always baptized in the name of Jesus Christ.

Does it make a difference? Absolutely. There is a distinct difference between repeating a command and obeying it. If my father told me "son, go mow the grass" and I looked at him and said "son, go mow the grass" but did not actually get the lawnmower and cut the lawn, then I have repeated the command but I have not obeyed the command. To baptize someone "in the titles" saying "in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost" is to repeat the command, but the words of Jesus have not actually been obeyed until that NAME, the name of Jesus, has been verbally invoked. To not baptize in the name of Jesus Christ is to ignore and disobey the very command of Matthew 28:19.

We must follow the scriptural example of the Apostolic Church!